Area management system

ABSTRACT

A transmission area is specified flexibly in accordance with the contents of a flow. An area identification number (SHOG) is specified for each interlaced stream of wireless base stations. The same flow is sent at the same timing (or substantially at the same timing) in the interlaced stream specified for the same SHOG. A wireless terminal determines a neighbor sector or a neighbor wireless base station sending the same flow, in accordance with information given from the wireless base stations, and receives and combines the flows.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to area management systems, and morespecifically, to an area management system for a multicast service forallowing a plurality of wireless terminals to receive a flow transmittedfrom a wireless base station, in a wireless system for conducting voiceor data communication, with control information sent from the wirelessbase station.

2. Description of the Related Art

With the proliferation of broadband, technological advances of routersand other apparatuses, the growing need of end users for receivingbroadband streaming pictures and the like, and advances inproducer-driven solutions, the multicast technology, which can broadcastdata with a fewer communication resources than the unicast technology,has been attracting growing interest in the communication field. Withthe multicast technology, a router placed between a server and clientsmakes a required number of duplicates of one packet or one data streamand delivers the duplicates to a plurality of users simultaneously. Incomparison with the unicast method, in which data is exchanged with aplurality of parties in a one-to-one relationship, the multicasttechnology can reduce the traffic volume on the network and can reducethe load on the server that delivers data.

In the wireless communication field, a communication technology forallowing a plurality of wireless terminals to receive one data streamhas been studied to increase the efficiency of the wireless band andnetwork. The conventional wireless communication system uses one-to-oneunicast communication, in which a physical channel is assigned to eachwireless terminal, and a wireless connection is established forcommunication. In one communication technology under study, one certainchannel of the physical channels is specified as a multicast channel,and data having a multicast IP address is sent therethrough. Thistechnology enables a plurality of wireless terminals to receive one datastream, and the wireless band can be used efficiently.

Generally, a wireless base station has one or more sectors. It isconceivable that the radio reception of a wireless terminal depends onthe radio propagation environment in a sector where the wirelessterminal is located. In unicast communication, in which one-to-onecommunication is conducted between the wireless terminal and thewireless base station, the data rate can be controlled in accordancewith the radio environment of the wireless terminal, such as increasingthe data rate of the transmission data when the radio reception(propagation state) of the wireless terminal is good and decreasing thedata rate when the radio reception (propagation state) is bad. Inmulticast communication, however, data transmitted at a certain datarate on the multicast channel must be received, and some wirelessterminals may not be able to receive the multicast data when the radioenvironment is too poor to receive the data at the data rate. Whetherthe data received by a wireless terminal can be decoded or not generallydepends on the ratio of the magnitude of the received actual data to themagnitude of interference noise, for instance. The ratio of themagnitude of the actual data signal to the magnitude of the interferencenoise must be increased so that more wireless terminals can receive themulticast data at a certain data rate.

If a wireless terminal communication technology Code Division MultipleAccess (CDMA) is used, for instance, the conventional unicastcommunication technology selects a sector of the best radio environmentfor communication, and all the radio waves sent from the other neighborsectors become interference noise. In multicast communication, the samedata is sent at the same timing (or substantially at the same timing) ina plurality of neighbor sectors by using the same frequency, and thewireless terminal receives and combines the data signals, so that theratio of the intensity of the actual data to the intensity ofinterference noise can be increased. This technology is namedsoft-combine and is described in 3rd generation partnership project 2(3GGP2) C.S0054, for instance.

With the method of sending the same data at the same timing in neighborsectors and receiving and combining, by wireless terminals, the signalssent at the sectors, the ratio of actual data to interference noiseincreases, and more wireless terminals can receive multicast data, incomparison with the method of selecting a sector in a good radioenvironment for communication. The wireless base station incorporates adata transmission timing in control information and broadcasts theinformation to wireless terminals at regular intervals.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A wireless network generally includes a wireless base station, acommunication control apparatus, and the like. The wireless base stationhas one or more sectors and conducts wireless communication with awireless terminal in each sector. The communication control apparatus isconnected to the wireless base station by wire, and configures awireless protocol, manages session information, controls wirelesspackets, termination, and the like. The communication control apparatusis connected to one or more wireless base stations.

Multicast voice or data sent from the wireless base station to awireless terminal are referred to as a flow. The flow is continuouslysent from the wireless base station to the wireless terminal at regularintervals and at a constant data rate. The wireless base stationbroadcasts the information of the flow transmission intervals and datarate to the wireless terminal at regular intervals. The transmissionarea of the multicast flow may depend on the contents of the flow. Forinstance, a flow of a national weather report and the like must bedelivered to a large area, but a flow of guide information of anamusement park does not have to be sent in a large area and should bedelivered in a limited area such as the site of the amusement park.Sending the flow to an unnecessary area wastes the wireless band of thearea, so that the delivery area must be managed in accordance with thecontents of the low, and the flow delivery must be controlledaccordingly. In an area management system, which is being developed fora commercial service, there is a one-to-one correspondence between thewireless base station and the delivery area, and the size of thedelivery area cannot be adjusted in accordance with the contents of theflow to be transmitted.

To implement the soft-combine technology described above, the same flowmust be sent at the same timing in a plurality of sectors. For instance,if the communication control apparatus, which is on a higher level thanthe wireless base stations, manages the wireless resources in all thesectors of wireless base stations and notifies the wireless basestations of the time to send the same flow, the flow transmission timingcan be synchronized among all the sectors of the different wireless basestations. This method of synchronizing all the sectors of the wirelessbase stations by the communication control apparatus, however, causes aproblem. When a wireless base station assigns a flow to a sector, thesame flow may be sent at another sector in the same time zone, so thatthe time zone of the flow transmission must be saved even if the flow isnot sent. Another multicast flow cannot be assigned to the saved timezone, reducing the number of flows that can be sent in the entiresystem. One method of increasing the number of flows that can be sent inthe entire system is to divide a single area into a plurality ofsub-areas and to manage flow transmission in each sub-area. This method,however, divides transmission timing control into sub-areas. If a flowwhich must be sent in several sub-areas is sent to a wireless terminal,soft-combine is impossible in the sub-areas, and the wireless receptionquality is degraded on the boundary of the sub-areas.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to use thewireless band efficiently by eliminating uselessly saved time resourcesthrough assigning one sector to a plurality of areas and specifying atransmission area flexibly in accordance with the contents of the flow.Another object of the present invention is to improve the receptionquality of the wireless terminals across the system by preventing asingle flow from being transmitted in a plurality of areas and enablingdata to be soft-combined among sectors in a variety of large and smallareas. A further object of the present invention is to increase thenumber of flows that can be sent in the entire system by managingwireless resources on the area basis to allow a different flow to besent in a time resource which is used to be saved fundamentally.

According to the first solving means, there is provided an areamanagement system comprising:

a plurality of wireless base stations which have one or more sectors;

a communication control apparatus connected to the plurality of wirelessbase stations, for controlling flows of a multicast content; and

a wireless apparatus for combining flows transmitted from pluralwireless base stations and restoring the content,

wherein

each of the plurality of wireless base stations comprises:

-   -   an area information management table having stored an area        identification number indicating a flow transmission area for        each interlace number used in flow transmission; and    -   a flow information management table having stored an interlace        number, a transmission timing for periodically transmitting a        flow periodically in an interlaced stream, a flow transmission        time in one cycle, and a transmission data rate in flow        transmission, for each flow ID obtained from the communication        control apparatus;

the communication control apparatus comprises:

-   -   a flow management table having stored an area identification        number, an interlace number, a transmission time, and a        transmission data rate, for each flow ID; and    -   a resource management table having stored a flow ID, an        interlace number, a transmission timing, and a flow transmission        time, for each area identification number;

and,

the wireless apparatus sends a first flow delivery request to one of theplurality of wireless base stations, with the flow ID of acontent-delivery flow specified;

when the wireless base station receives the first flow delivery requestfrom the wireless apparatus, the wireless base station references thearea information management table, reads the area identification numberspecified for each local interlace number, which is required when aservice request is sent to the communication control apparatus, andsends a first request message containing the flow ID specified in thefirst flow delivery request and the read area identification number ofeach local interlace number, to the communication control apparatus;

when the communication control apparatus receives the first requestmessage from the wireless base station, the communication controlapparatus references the flow management table and reads thecorresponding area identification number, interlace number, transmissiontime, and transmission data rate in accordance with the first requestmessage;

the communication control apparatus references the resource managementtable in accordance with the flow ID and the read area identificationnumber, interlace number, and transmission time, determines a flowtransmission timing by provisionally assigning a requested flow resourceto a free resource of the corresponding area identification number andstores the transmission timing in association with the areaidentification number, the flow ID, the interlace number, and thetransmission time in the resource management table if the correspondingflow transmission timing is not specified, or reads the transmissiontiming from the resource management table if the corresponding flowtransmission timing is specified;

the communication control apparatus returns a first response messagecontaining the flow ID included in the received first request message,the interlace number of the interlaced stream to deliver the flow, thetransmission time, the transmission data rate, and the transmissiontiming, to the wireless base station;

when the wireless base station receives the first response message, thewireless base station stores the flow ID and flow information receivedfrom the communication control apparatus, containing the interlacenumber, the transmission time, the transmission data rate, and thetransmission timing, in the flow information management table,establishes a path to pass the flow to or from the communication controlapparatus, in accordance with the flow information, and sends the flowby radio in accordance with the flow information;

while the wireless base station is sending the flow, if a neighborwireless base station receives a second flow delivery request having thesame flow ID from the same wireless apparatus, the neighbor wirelessbase station references the local area information management table,reads the area identification number specified for each interlacenumber, and sends a second request message to the communication controlapparatus;

the communication control apparatus references the flow managementtable, reads the area identification number, the interlace number, thetransmission time, and the transmission data rate, corresponding to theflow ID, and returns a second response message containing the same flowinformation as the first response message to the neighbor wireless basestation;

when the neighbor wireless base station receives the second responsemessage from the communication control apparatus, the neighbor wirelessbase station stores the same flow information as in the first responsemessage in the local flow information management table for a sectorwhere the wireless apparatus is located, establishes a path to pass theflow to or from the communication control apparatus in accordance withthe flow information, and sends the flow by radio in the correspondingsector in accordance with the flow information such that the samecontent is sent from the neighbor wireless base station and the wirelessbase station substantially at the same timing; and

the wireless apparatus receives and combines the flow from the wirelessbase station and the flow from the neighbor wireless base station.

According to the second solving means, there is provided an areamanagement system comprising:

a wireless base station having a plurality of sectors;

a communication control apparatus connected to the wireless basestation, for controlling flows of a multicast content;

and a wireless apparatus for combining flows sent at plural sectors ofthe wireless base station and restoring the content,

wherein

the wireless base station comprises:

-   -   an area information management table having stored an area        identification number indicating a flow transmission area for        each interlace number used in flow transmission, in association        with each sector; and    -   a flow information management table having stored an interlace        number, a transmission timing for transmitting a flow        periodically in an interlaced stream, a flow transmission time        in one cycle, and a transmission data rate in flow transmission,        for each flow ID obtained from the communication control        apparatus, in association with each sector;

the communication control apparatus comprises:

-   -   a flow management table having stored an area identification        number, an interlace number, a transmission time, and a        transmission data rate, for each flow ID; and    -   a resource management table having stored a flow ID, an        interlace number, a transmission timing, and a flow transmission        time, for each area identification number;

and,

the wireless apparatus sends a first flow delivery request to thewireless base station, with a flow ID of a content-delivery flow in afirst sector specified;

when the wireless base station receives the first flow delivery requestfrom the wireless apparatus, the wireless base station references thearea information management table for a sector where the wirelessapparatus is located, reads the area identification number specified foreach local interface number, which is required when a service request issent to the communication control apparatus, and sends a first requestmessage containing the flow ID specified in the first flow deliveryrequest and the read area identification number for each local interlacenumber, to the communication control apparatus;

when the communication control apparatus receives the first requestmessage from the wireless base station, the communication controlapparatus references the flow management table and reads thecorresponding area identification number, interlace number, transmissiontime, and transmission data rate, in accordance with the first requestmessage;

the communication control apparatus references the resource managementtable in accordance with the flow ID and the read area identificationnumber, interlace number, and transmission time, determines a flowtransmission timing by provisionally assigning a requested flow resourceto a free resource of the corresponding area identification number andstores the transmission timing in association with the areaidentification number, the flow ID, the interlace number, and thetransmission time in the resource management table if the correspondingflow transmission timing is not specified, or reads the transmissiontiming from the resource management table if the corresponding flowtransmission timing is specified;

the communication control apparatus returns a first response messagecontaining the flow ID included in the received first request message,the interlace number of the interlaced stream to deliver the flow, thetransmission time, the transmission data rate, and the transmissiontiming, to the wireless base station;

when the wireless base station receives the first response message, thewireless base station stores the flow ID and flow information receivedfrom the communication control apparatus, containing the interlacenumber, the transmission time, the transmission data rate, and thetransmission timing, in the flow information management table, inassociation with a sector where the wireless apparatus is located,establishes a path to pass the flow to or from the communication controlapparatus, in accordance with the flow information, and sends the flowby radio in the sector in accordance with the flow information;

while the wireless base station is sending the flow in the first sector,when a second flow delivery request having the same flow ID is receivedfrom the same wireless apparatus in a second sector of the wireless basestation, the wireless base station references the area informationmanagement table, reads the area identification number specified foreach interlace number for the second sector, and sends a second requestmessage to the communication control apparatus;

the communication control apparatus references the flow managementtable, reads the area identification number, the interlace number, thetransmission time, and the transmission data rate, associated with tothe corresponding flow ID, and returns a second response messagecontaining the same flow information as the first response message tothe second sector of the wireless base station;

when the wireless base station receives the second response message fromthe communication control apparatus, the wireless base station storesthe same flow information as in the first response message in the flowinformation management table for the second sector, establishes a pathto pass the flow to or from the communication control apparatus inaccordance with the flow information, and sends the flow by radio in thesecond sector in accordance with the flow information such that the samecontent is sent at the first sector of the wireless base station and thesecond sector of the wireless base station substantially at the sametiming; and

the wireless apparatus receives and combines the flow at the firstsector of the wireless base station and the flow at the second sector ofthe wireless base station.

According to the present invention, one sector belongs to a plurality ofareas, and a flow transmission area can be specified flexibly inaccordance with the contents of the flow. Because time resources willnot be saved uselessly, the wireless band can be used efficiently. Thepresent invention prevents a single flow from being transmitted inseveral areas and enables data to be soft-combined among sectors in avariety of large and small areas, so that the reception quality of thewireless terminals can be improved in the entire system. The wirelessresource management on the area basis according to the present inventionallows a different flow to be sent in a time resource which is used tobe saved fundamentally, so that the number of flows that can be sent inthe entire system can be increased.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a wireless system.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of wireless base stations110, 111, 112, 113, and 114.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a communication controlapparatus 120.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of a content server 140.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of a maintenance apparatus150.

FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a SHOG management table 240.

FIG. 7 is a view illustrating a flow information management table 241.

FIG. 8 is a view illustrating a flow management table 301.

FIG. 9 is a view illustrating a resource management table 302.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a sequence for implementing area managementof a first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a view illustrating message formats used in the embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a view illustrating detailed formats of the informationfields of messages.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a sequence for implementing area managementof a second embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

1. Overview

A 1x evolution data only (1xEV-DO) system uses time divisionmultiplexing in downstream (from the wireless base station to theterminal) communication, and the time unit of multiplexed transmissionis a slot (one slot is about 1.67 milliseconds, for instance). In theconventional unicast communication, the wireless terminal receives datafrom the wireless base station and returns a response indicating whetherthe data was able to be normally decoded, to the wireless base station.The wireless base station schedules re-transmission of the same data ortransmission of next data in accordance with the response from thewireless terminal. It generally takes three slots to send data from thewireless base station to the wireless terminal and to schedule the datato be sent next after the response is received from the wirelessterminal. The wireless base station sends data to a certain wirelessterminal once every four slots, taking the period of three slots intoconsideration. A standard name for a combination of four-slottransmission operations is interlacing. The interval is not limited tofour slots and can be set to any number of slots. In a multicastservice, the soft-combine technology is implemented by sending flows atregular intervals from the wireless base station and receiving the flowsby a plurality of wireless terminals, as described above. In embodimentsdescribed below, a problem of the multicast service is solved byassociating four interlaced transmission streams with a flowtransmission area.

Further details will be given below. A wireless base station has one ormore sectors. Each interlaced stream in each sector is given a desiredarea identification number. The area identification number is referredto as a soft handoff group (SHOG). To make a plurality of wireless basestations share common information of a correspondence between SHOG and aflow, the information is managed by a communication control apparatus,which is connected to one or more wireless base stations by wire and canmanage the information of the plurality of wireless base stations. Thecommunication control apparatus also manages the wireless data rate atwhich the flow is sent by radio, the time of successive transmission ofthe flow in one cycle, and other information. When a flow deliveryrequest is received from a wireless terminal or a maintenance apparatusin a local sector, the wireless base station inquires of thecommunication control apparatus the correspondence between the flow IDand SHOG in order to obtain the interlace information for the requestedflow transmission. The message of inquiry includes flow ID informationfor identifying the flow and SHOG number information of the interlacedstreams in the sector in which the flow delivery request is received.The communication control apparatus recognizes a flow delivery SHOG fromthe flow ID information and searches for a resource for sending thenewly requested flow through the SHOG time resources of one cycle. Ifthe SHOG time resources have a free resource available to send therequested flow, the flow transmission timing is determined among thetime resources of one cycle. The communication control apparatus returnsthe flow delivery SHOG number, data rate of wireless flow transmission,flow transmission timing in a cycle, flow transmission time in onecycle, and other information in response to the message received fromthe wireless base station. The wireless base station uses theinformation received from the communication control apparatus toestablish a path to the communication apparatus and delivers the flow.

If a flow is received at a plurality of different sectors, the flowtransmission timing in the sectors are synchronized by specifying thesame SHOG number to the corresponding interlaced streams in thedifferent sectors, to implement soft-combine. The size of the flowtransmission area can be freely controlled in accordance with thecontents of the flow by increasing or decreasing the number of sectorsspecified for the same SHOG number. Each sector has four interlaceoperations, and each sector can belong to up to four different areassimultaneously if different SHOG numbers are specified to the interlacedstreams. When a multicast flow is sent in a small area, this technologyprevents the other wireless base stations from saving resourcesuselessly, so that the wireless band can be used efficiently.Soft-combine can be implemented in a variety of large and small areas,and the reception quality of the wireless terminals in the entire systemis improved.

This embodiment is not limited to the management method in which a SHOGnumber is specified to each interlaced stream. One sector can belong tofour or more areas at one time by subdividing each interlaced stream,such as interlace 1-1, interlace 1-2, . . . , and interlace 1-n (n is adesired integer), and managing the resources with a SHOG numberspecified to each subdivided interlaced stream.

2. System

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a wireless system.

The wireless system includes a wireless terminal 100, wireless basestations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114, a communication control apparatus120, a content server 140, and a maintenance apparatus 150. The wirelessbase stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 are disposed in such positionsthat the radio waves transmitted by the wireless base stations areadjoined and the wireless terminal 100 can receive the radio waves ofthe wireless base stations, so that soft-combine can be implemented. Thewireless base station 110 and wireless base station 111 are adjoined,the wireless base station 111 and the wireless base station 112 areadjoined, the wireless base station 112 and the wireless base station113 are adjoined, and the wireless base station 113 and wireless basestation 114 are adjoined. Each interlaced stream in the sectors of thewireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 is assigned an areaidentification number (SHOG). In interlaced streams having the sameSHOG, the same flow is sent at the same timing (or substantially at thesame timing).

The wireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 communicate withthe wireless terminal 100 by radio. The wireless base stations 110, 111,112, 113, and 114 send a multicast flow in the multicast channel of eachsector. Each multicast flow is assigned an identifier, or a flow ID. Thewireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 create controlinformation including the flow ID of the flow being transmitted,transmission time, transmission timing, and wireless data rate of theflow, and gives the control information to the wireless terminal 100 atregular intervals. The wireless terminal 100 receives the flow inaccordance with the contents of the given information. If the same flowis sent in a neighbor sector, the wireless base stations 110, 111, 112,113, and 114 provide the wireless terminal 100 with the information ofthe neighbor sectors where the same flow is sent, or the information ofthe sectors having the same SHOG number. The wireless terminal 100judges the neighbor sector or the neighbor wireless base station that issending the same flow, from the neighbor sector information and the likegiven from the wireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114, andreceives and combines the flows.

The communication control apparatus 120 is a wireless packet controlapparatus and has functions to manage the session information of thewireless terminal 100, authenticate a terminal, and control andterminate a wireless packet. The communication control apparatus 120also manages the numbers of interlaced streams to deliver a multicastflow, SHOG, and wireless flow resource information for sending the samedata at the same timing by the wireless base stations 110, 111, 112,113, and 114, and has a function to send packets to the wireless basestations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 in accordance with the wirelessresource information.

The content server 140 is connected to an Internet protocol network(IP-NW) 130 by wire and delivers the flow to be broadcast. The contentserver 140 communicates with the communication control apparatus 120through the IP-NW and has functions to start or stop flow transmissionin response to a request to start or stop flow transmission from thecommunication control apparatus 120.

The maintenance apparatus 150 is connected to the wireless base stations110, 111, 112, 113, and 114, and the communication control apparatus120, and controls and monitors the wireless base stations 110, 111, 112,113, and 114 and the communication control apparatus 120 for a failure.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the wireless basestations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114.

The wireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 have a mainsignal processing block 200, a base station control block 202 forcontrolling the wireless base station and monitoring a failure, and anantenna for each sector. The main signal processing block 200 has aplurality of wireless analog blocks (sectors) 220, 221, and 222, a callprocessing block 201, a digital signal processing block 230, and achannel interface block 231.

The wireless analog blocks (sectors) 220, 221, and 222 have an antenna,a wireless reception block, and a wireless transmission block, forinstance. The wireless analog blocks 220, 221, and 222 send and receivea signal to and from the wireless terminal 100 by radio. The wirelessanalog blocks 220, 221, and 222 receive an upstream signal sent from thewireless terminal 100, converts the received analog signal to a digitalsignal, and sends the signal to the digital signal processing block 230,for instance. The wireless analog blocks 220, 221, and 222 also converta digital downstream signal sent from the digital signal processingblock 230 to an analog signal and send the signal to the wirelessterminal 100 by radio. The wireless analog blocks 220, 221, and 222 canhave a diversity configuration as shown in the figure, for instance. Thecall processing block 201 includes a SHOG management table 240 formanaging SHOG as area information, a flow information management table241 for managing the flow information, a CPU, a memory (MEM), and aninterface (I/O). The call processing block 201 is connected through thedigital signal processing block 230 to each wireless analog block andperforms call processing mainly.

The channel interface 231 interfaces communication between the calprocessing block 201 and the communication control apparatus 120. Thedigital signal processing block 230 is a unit for demodulating theupstream signal and modulating the downstream signal. The base stationcontrol block 202 controls the entire base station and monitors afailure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the communicationcontrol apparatus 120.

The communication control apparatus 120 includes an apparatus controlblock 310, a call processing block 311, and channel interfaces 312 and313. The call processing block 311 includes a flow management table 301,a resource management table 302, a CPU, a memory (MEM), and an interface(I/O). The apparatus control block 310 includes a CPU, a memory (MEM),and an interface (I/O).

The call processing block 311 performs call processing with the callprocessing blocks 201 of the wireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113,and 114, for instance. The resource management table 302 manages flow IDinformation, flow transmission time for each SHOG, transmission timing,and the like, which are necessary to implement soft-combine among thewireless base stations controlled by the communication control apparatus120. The flow management table 301 manages the association among theflow, the interlaced flow transmission stream, and SHOG. Thecommunication control apparatus 120 sends flow information in responseto a flow information acquisition request sent from the wireless basestations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 and updates the resource managementtable 302. The apparatus control block 310 controls the whole of thecommunication control apparatus 120 and monitors a failure.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the content server 140.

The content server 140 includes a CPU, a memory (MEM), multicastcontents 400, and an interface (I/O) for connecting to the IP-NW. Thecontent server 140 manages the contents and starts or stops contentdelivery in response to a request to start or stop flow delivery, sentfrom the communication control apparatus 120.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the maintenanceapparatus 150.

The maintenance apparatus 150 includes a CPU, a memory (MEM), and aninterface (I/O) for connecting to the wireless base stations 110, 111,112, 113, and 114 and the communication control apparatus 120. Themaintenance apparatus 150 is connected to the wireless base stations110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 and the communication control apparatus 120,and controls the wireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 andthe communication control apparatus 120 and monitors a failure. Themaintenance apparatus 150 also has a function to send a flowtransmission request to the wireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113,and 114.

FIG. 6 is a view illustrating the SHOG management table 240 included ineach of the wireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114.

The wireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 manage the areainformation (SHOG) specified for each interlaced stream in the sector inthe SHOG management table 240. In this embodiment, a sector belongs tothree areas by specifying Interlace 0 and Interlace 1 to SHOG 1,Interlace 2 to SHOG 2 and Interlace 3 to SHOG 3.

FIG. 7 is a view illustrating the flow information management table 241included in each of the wireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and114.

With the flow information management table 241, the wireless basestations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 manage the interlaced stream offlow delivery, transmission timing, transmission time, and transmissiondata rate, in association with each flow ID obtained from thecommunication control apparatus 120, in each sector. FIG. 7 shows a casein which the wireless base stations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 sendflows having flow IDs 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, and 0x08 in this embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a view illustrating the flow management table 301 included inthe communication control apparatus 120.

With the flow management table 301, the communication control apparatus120 manages the interlaced flow transmission stream, transmission time,and transmission data rate, in association with each flow ID.

FIG. 9 is a view illustrating the resource management table 302 includedin the communication control apparatus 120.

With the resource management table 302, the communication controlapparatus 120 manages the wireless resource information for each SHOG.The resource management table 302 manages SHOG, flow ID, interlaced flowdelivery stream, flow transmission timing in the interlaced stream, andflow transmission time. FIG. 9 shows a case in which the wireless basestations 110, 111, 112, 113, and 114 controlled by the communicationcontrol apparatus 120 send flows having flow IDs 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, and0x08.

FIG. 11 is a view illustrating message formats.

FIG. 11( a) shows a basic message format; FIG. 11( b) shows a generalformat of a Service Request message; and FIG. 11( c) shows a generalformat of a Service Response message. Each message has a header and aninformation field.

FIG. 12 is a view illustrating detailed formats of the informationfields of messages.

FIG. 12( a) shows the information field of the Service Request message.FIG. 12( b) shows the information field of the Service Response message.

3. Operation 1 (Soft-Combine Between Neighbor Wireless Base Stations)

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a sequence for implementing area managementof a first embodiment.

The initial state of the embodiment is as follows: The data of the SHOGmanagement tables 240 in the wireless base stations 112, 111, and 113 isspecified as shown in FIG. 6 (the same data can be specified), andnothing is specified in the flow information management tables 241 ofthe wireless base stations 112, 111, and 113. The data of the flowmanagement table 301 on the communication control apparatus 120 isspecified as shown in FIG. 8, and nothing is specified in the resourcemanagement table 302 of the communication control apparatus 120. Each ofthe wireless base stations may have just one sector.

The wireless terminal 100 or the maintenance apparatus 150 sends a flowdelivery request message to the wireless base station 112, specifyingthe flow ID of a flow to be delivered (in step 1010). The flow IDs andthe flows to be sent to the wireless terminal 100 are associated in aone-to-one relationship, and the association is specified in thewireless terminal 100 or the maintenance apparatus 150 before the flowdelivery request message is sent to the wireless base station 112. Theflow ID is uniquely identified when the user of the wireless terminal100 or the operator using the maintenance apparatus 150 selects the flowto be sent.

When the flow delivery request message is received from the wirelessterminal 100 or the maintenance apparatus 150, the call processing block201 of the wireless base station 112 references the SHOG managementtable 240 and reads the SHOG information specified for each of the localinterlaced streams, which is required to send a service request to thecommunication control apparatus 120 (in step 1240). The call processingblock 201 of the wireless base station 112 sends a Service Requestmessage to the communication control apparatus 120 in order to obtainthe information of the interlaced flow transmission stream, transmissiontiming, transmission time, and the wireless data rate for the sectorwhere the wireless terminal 100 is located (in step 1020). The ServiceRequest message incorporates the flow ID and the SHOG information ofeach of the local interlaced streams obtained in step 1240.

When the Service Request message is received from the wireless basestation 112, the call processing block 311 of the communication controlapparatus 120 references the flow management table 301 held in theapparatus and searches through the table in accordance with the flow IDand the SHOG information of each of the interlaced streams included inthe Service Request message, and reads the corresponding data, that is,the SHOG information indicating the area of the flow ID transmission,the interlaced stream used to send the flow, the flow transmission timein one cycle, and the flow transmission data rate (in step 1030). Theresource management table 302 is searched through in accordance with theSHOG information indicating the area of the flow ID transmission, theinterlaced stream used to send the flow, and the flow transmission timein one cycle, which are obtained in step 1030, and if the correspondingflow transmission timing is not specified, the requested flow resourceis provisionally assigned to a free resource of the corresponding SHOG,and the flow transmission timing is determined, and the information isstored in the resource management table 302. If the corresponding flowtransmission timing has already been registered, the transmission timingis read (in step 1031). (The resource is actually saved when the path isestablished later.) In this example, the resource management table 302of the communication control apparatus 120 contains nothing in theinitial state. Accordingly, the communication control apparatus 120generates the corresponding entries of the resource management table302, as shown in FIG. 9, when the Service Request message is receivedfrom the wireless base station 112, and updates and manages the table.

The call processing block 311 of the communication control apparatus 120returns a Service Response message to the wireless base station 112 (instep 1021). The Service Response message contains the flow ID includedin the received Service Request message, the information of theinterlaced stream of flow delivery, transmission time, and transmissiondata rate obtained in step 1030, and the flow transmission timingdetermined in step 1031. If the resource management table 302 managed bythe communication control apparatus 120 indicates that the correspondingSHOG wireless resources do not have sufficient free resources, theService Request message informs the wireless base station 112 that theassignment is not conducted because sufficient free resources are notavailable.

The call processing block 201 of the wireless base station 112establishes a path to pass the flow data to or from the communicationcontrol apparatus 120 (in step 1040), by using the flow ID and theinterlaced stream of flow delivery, transmission time, transmission datarate, and transmission timing received from the communication controlapparatus 120. After the path is established, the call processing block201 of the wireless base station 112 stores the flow ID, interlaceddelivery stream, transmission timing, transmission time, transmissiondata rate, and other resource information, in the flow informationmanagement table 241 for the sector where the wireless terminal 100 orthe maintenance apparatus 150 is located (in step 1241). The flowinformation management table 241 of the wireless base station 112contains nothing in the initial state. When the Service Response messageis received from the communication control apparatus 120, the wirelessbase station 112 generates the corresponding entries of the flowinformation management table 241, as shown in FIG. 7, and updates andmanages the table.

The call processing block 311 of the communication control apparatus 120establishes the resource information of the flow provisionally assignedin the flow management table 301 in step 1031 (in step 1032). Thecommunication control apparatus 120 sends a flow delivery request to thecontent server 140 (in step 1060). When the flow delivery request isreceived from the communication control apparatus 120, the contentserver 140 starts delivering the content 400 through the communicationcontrol apparatus 120 to the wireless base station 112 (in step 1050).The wireless base station 112 sends the flow by radio in the sector (instep 1051), in accordance with the interlaced delivery stream,transmission time, transmission data rate, and transmission timingobtained from the communication control apparatus 120.

If the neighbor wireless base stations 111 and/or 113 receive a flowdelivery request having the same flow ID from the same wireless terminal100 or maintenance apparatus 150 while the flow transmission by thewireless base station 112 is in progress, the sequence becomes asdescribed below.

The wireless terminal 100 or maintenance apparatus 150 sends a flowtransmission request to the wireless base stations 111 and/or 113,specifying the flow ID (in step 1011). The call processing blocks 201 ofthe wireless base station 111 and/or 113 reference the local SHOGmanagement table 240 and read the SHOG specified for each of theinterlaced streams (in step 2240). The call processing blocks 201 of thewireless base station 111 and/or 113 send a Service Request message tothe communication control apparatus 120 (in step 1022). The ServiceRequest message incorporates the flow ID and the SHOG informationspecified for the interlaced stream. The call processing block 311 ofthe communication control apparatus 120 references the flow managementtable 301 as described earlier and reads the SHOG corresponding to theflow ID, the interlaced stream to be used, the flow transmission time,and the flow transmission data rate (in step 1033). The resourcemanagement table 302 is also referenced, and if the transmission timingof the corresponding flow is stored, a wireless resource isprovisionally assigned, and the flow transmission timing is read (instep 1034).

When the same flow ID is assigned, the wireless resource assigned beforeis used. The call processing block 311 of the communication controlapparatus 120 returns a Service Response message to the wireless basestations 111 and/or 113 (in step 1023). The Service Response messageincorporates the flow ID, the interlaced stream to be used, flowtransmission timing, flow transmission time, and flow transmission datarate. The call processing blocks 201 of the wireless base station 111and/or 113 establish a path (in step 1041) in accordance with theinformation received from the communication control apparatus 120. Theflow resource information is stored in the local flow informationmanagement table 241 (in step 2241). The communication control apparatus120 delivers the flow delivered from the content server 140 to thewireless base stations 111 and/or 113 as well (in step 1052). Thewireless base stations 111 and/or 113 send the flow by radio (in step1053) in accordance with the interlaced delivery stream, transmissiontime, transmission data rate, and transmission timing, obtained from thecommunication control apparatus 120. The flow from the wireless basestation 112 and the flow from the wireless base stations 111 and/or 113are sent by the same SHOG wireless resource managed by the communicationcontrol apparatus 120, and the wireless terminal 100 can receive andcombine (soft-combine) the flows sent from the wireless base stations insteps 1051 and 1053 (in step 1070).

4. Operation 2 (Soft-Combine Between a Sector of a Wireless Base Stationand a Sector Neighbor Thereto in the Same Wireless Base Station)

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a sequence for implementing area managementof a second embodiment.

The initial state of the embodiment is as follows. The data of the SHOGmanagement table 240 of the wireless base station 112 is specified inadvance as shown in FIG. 6, for instance, and nothing is specified inthe flow information management table 241 of the wireless base station112. The data of the flow management table 301 of the communicationcontrol apparatus 120 is specified in advance as shown in FIG. 8, forinstance, and nothing is specified in the resource management table 302of the communication control apparatus 120.

The wireless terminal 100 or the maintenance apparatus 150 sends a flowdelivery request message to the wireless base station 112, specifyingthe flow ID of a flow to be delivered in sector “a” (in step 1010′).

Steps 1240 to 1051 are executed in the same way as described in “3.Operation 1.” When the flow delivery request is received from thecommunication control apparatus 120, the content server 140 startsdelivering the content 400 through the communication control apparatus120 to the wireless base station 112 (in step 1050). The wireless basestation 112 sends the flow by radio in the sector (in step 1051) inaccordance with the interlaced delivery stream, transmission time,transmission data rate, and transmission timing obtained from thecommunication control apparatus 120.

If a flow delivery request having the same flow ID is received inanother sector “b” of the wireless base station 112 while the flow isbeing sent in sector “a” of the wireless base station 112, the sequencebecomes as described below.

The wireless terminal 100 or maintenance apparatus 150 sends a flowtransmission request to the wireless base station 112 in sector “b”,specifying the flow ID (in step 1011′). The call processing block 201 ofthe wireless base station 112 references the local SHOG management table240 and reads the SHOG specified for the interlaced streams (in step2240′). The call processing block 201 of the wireless base station 112sends a Service Request message to the communication control apparatus120 (in step 1022′). The Service Request message incorporates the flowID and the SHOG information specified for the interlaced streams. Thecall processing block 311 of the communication control apparatus 120references the flow management table 301 as described earlier and readsthe SHOG corresponding to the flow ID, the interlaced stream to be used,the flow transmission time, and flow transmission data rate (in step1033′). The resource management table 302 is also referenced, and if thetransmission timing of the corresponding flow is stored, a wirelessresource is provisionally assigned, and the flow transmission timing isread (in step 1034′).

When the same flow ID is assigned, the wireless resource assigned beforeis used. The call processing block 311 of the communication controlapparatus 120 returns a Service Response message to the wireless basestation 112 (in step 1023′). The Service Response message incorporatesthe flow ID, the interlaced stream to be used, flow transmission timing,flow transmission time, and flow transmission data rate. The callprocessing block 201 of the wireless base station 112 establishes a pathfor sector “b” in accordance with the information received from thecommunication control apparatus 120 (in step 1041′). The flow resourceinformation is stored in the local flow information management table 241(in step 2241′). The communication control apparatus 120 delivers theflow delivered from the content server 140 in sector “b” of the wirelessbase station 112 as well (in step 1052′). The wireless base station 112sends the flow in sector “b” by radio (in step 1053′) in accordance withthe interlaced delivery stream, transmission time, transmission datarate, and transmission timing obtained from the communication controlapparatus 120. The flow sent at sector “a” of the wireless base station112 and the flow sent at sector “b” of the wireless base station 112 aresent by the same SHOG wireless resource managed by the communicationcontrol apparatus 120, and the wireless terminal 100 can receive andcombine (soft-combine) the flows sent at the sectors of the samewireless base station in steps 1051′ and 1053′ (in step 1070′).

The present invention can be applied to a system including a variety ofwireless base stations such as a wireless base station which is notdivided into sectors and a wireless base station which is divided into aplurality of sectors.

1. An area management system comprising: a plurality of wireless basestations which have one or more sectors; a communication controlapparatus connected to the plurality of wireless base stations, forcontrolling flows of a multicast content; and a wireless apparatus forcombining flows transmitted from plural wireless base stations andrestoring the content, wherein each of the plurality of wireless basestations comprises: an area information management table having storedan area identification number indicating a flow transmission area foreach interlace number used in flow transmission; and a flow informationmanagement table having stored an interlace number, a transmissiontiming for periodically transmitting a flow periodically in aninterlaced stream, a flow transmission time in one cycle, and atransmission data rate in flow transmission, for each flow ID obtainedfrom the communication control apparatus; the communication controlapparatus comprises: a flow management table having stored an areaidentification number, an interlace number, a transmission time, and atransmission data rate, for each flow ID; and a resource managementtable having stored a flow ID, an interlace number, a transmissiontiming, and a flow transmission time, for each area identificationnumber; and, the wireless apparatus sends a first flow delivery requestto one of the plurality of wireless base stations, with the flow ID of acontent-delivery flow specified; when the wireless base station receivesthe first flow delivery request from the wireless apparatus, thewireless base station references the area information management table,reads the area identification number specified for each local interlacenumber, which is required when a service request is sent to thecommunication control apparatus, and sends a first request messagecontaining the flow ID specified in the first flow delivery request andthe read area identification number of each local interlace number, tothe communication control apparatus; when the communication controlapparatus receives the first request message from the wireless basestation, the communication control apparatus references the flowmanagement table and reads the corresponding area identification number,interlace number, transmission time, and transmission data rate inaccordance with the first request message; the communication controlapparatus references the resource management table in accordance withthe flow ID and the read area identification number, interlace number,and transmission time, determines a flow transmission timing byprovisionally assigning a requested flow resource to a free resource ofthe corresponding area identification number and stores the transmissiontiming in association with the area identification number, the flow ID,the interlace number, and the transmission time in the resourcemanagement table if the corresponding flow transmission timing is notspecified, or reads the transmission timing from the resource managementtable if the corresponding flow transmission timing is specified; thecommunication control apparatus returns a first response messagecontaining the flow ID included in the received first request message,the interlace number of the interlaced stream to deliver the flow, thetransmission time, the transmission data rate, and the transmissiontiming, to the wireless base station; when the wireless base stationreceives the first response message, the wireless base station storesthe flow ID and flow information received from the communication controlapparatus, containing the interlace number, the transmission time, thetransmission data rate, and the transmission timing, in the flowinformation management table, establishes a path to pass the flow to orfrom the communication control apparatus, in accordance with the flowinformation, and sends the flow by radio in accordance with the flowinformation; while the wireless base station is sending the flow, if aneighbor wireless base station receives a second flow delivery requesthaving the same flow ID from the same wireless apparatus, the neighborwireless base station references the local area information managementtable, reads the area identification number specified for each interlacenumber, and sends a second request message to the communication controlapparatus; the communication control apparatus references the flowmanagement table, reads the area identification number, the interlacenumber, the transmission time, and the transmission data rate,corresponding to the flow ID, and returns a second response messagecontaining the same flow information as the first response message tothe neighbor wireless base station; when the neighbor wireless basestation receives the second response message from the communicationcontrol apparatus, the neighbor wireless base station stores the sameflow information as in the first response message in the local flowinformation management table for a sector where the wireless apparatusis located, establishes a path to pass the flow to or from thecommunication control apparatus in accordance with the flow information,and sends the flow by radio in the corresponding sector in accordancewith the flow information such that the same content is sent from theneighbor wireless base station and the wireless base stationsubstantially at the same timing; and the wireless apparatus receivesand combines the flow from the wireless base station and the flow fromthe neighbor wireless base station.
 2. An area management systemaccording to claim 1, wherein, if free wireless resources of thecorresponding area identification number of the resource managementtable managed by the communication control apparatus are not sufficient,the response message reports that the free resources are insufficientand the assignment is impossible.
 3. An area management system accordingto claim 1, further comprising: a content server connected to thecommunication control apparatus through a network, for sending a contentflow, wherein the communication control apparatus determines the flowresource information provisionally assigned in the flow management tableand sends a flow delivery request to the content server; and the contentserver starts content delivery when the content server receives the flowdelivery request from the communication control apparatus.
 4. An areamanagement system according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality ofwireless base stations has one or more sectors; a single sector has aplurality of interlace numbers; and each of the plurality of wirelessbase stations belongs to a plurality of areas by managing the areas bythe interlace numbers.
 5. An area management system according to claim1, wherein the sector resource is divided into a plurality of groups;and each of the plurality of wireless base stations belongs to aplurality of areas by managing the areas in each of the plurality ofgroups.
 6. An area management system according to claim 1, wherein thecommunication control apparatus, which is on a higher level than theplurality of wireless base stations, manages resources in each area toimplement soft-combine in a variety of large and small areas.
 7. An areamanagement system according to claim 1, wherein the wireless apparatusis a maintenance apparatus for performing either or both of failuremonitoring and control; and the maintenance apparatus sends a flowdelivery request and establishes a path.
 8. An area management systemaccording to claim 1, wherein the wireless apparatus is a wirelessterminal.
 9. An area management system according to claim 1, wherein thearea identification information is a soft handoff group (SHOG).
 10. Anarea management system comprising: a wireless base station having aplurality of sectors; a communication control apparatus connected to thewireless base station, for controlling flows of a multicast content; anda wireless apparatus for combining flows sent at plural sectors of thewireless base station and restoring the content, wherein the wirelessbase station comprises: an area information management table havingstored an area identification number indicating a flow transmission areafor each interlace number used in flow transmission, in association witheach sector; and a flow information management table having stored aninterlace number, a transmission timing for transmitting a flowperiodically in an interlaced stream, a flow transmission time in onecycle, and a transmission data rate in flow transmission, for each flowID obtained from the communication control apparatus, in associationwith each sector; the communication control apparatus comprises: a flowmanagement table having stored an area identification number, aninterlace number, a transmission time, and a transmission data rate, foreach flow ID; and a resource management table having stored a flow ID,an interlace number, a transmission timing, and a flow transmissiontime, for each area identification number; and, the wireless apparatussends a first flow delivery request to the wireless base station, with aflow ID of a content-delivery flow in a first sector specified; when thewireless base station receives the first flow delivery request from thewireless apparatus, the wireless base station references the areainformation management table for a sector where the wireless apparatusis located, reads the area identification number specified for eachlocal interface number, which is required when a service request is sentto the communication control apparatus, and sends a first requestmessage containing the flow ID specified in the first flow deliveryrequest and the read area identification number for each local interlacenumber, to the communication control apparatus; when the communicationcontrol apparatus receives the first request message from the wirelessbase station, the communication control apparatus references the flowmanagement table and reads the corresponding area identification number,interlace number, transmission time, and transmission data rate, inaccordance with the first request message; the communication controlapparatus references the resource management table in accordance withthe flow ID and the read area identification number, interlace number,and transmission time, determines a flow transmission timing byprovisionally assigning a requested flow resource to a free resource ofthe corresponding area identification number and stores the transmissiontiming in association with the area identification number, the flow ID,the interlace number, and the transmission time in the resourcemanagement table if the corresponding flow transmission timing is notspecified, or reads the transmission timing from the resource managementtable if the corresponding flow transmission timing is specified; thecommunication control apparatus returns a first response messagecontaining the flow ID included in the received first request message,the interlace number of the interlaced stream to deliver the flow, thetransmission time, the transmission data rate, and the transmissiontiming, to the wireless base station; when the wireless base stationreceives the first response message, the wireless base station storesthe flow ID and flow information received from the communication controlapparatus, containing the interlace number, the transmission time, thetransmission data rate, and the transmission timing, in the flowinformation management table, in association with a sector where thewireless apparatus is located, establishes a path to pass the flow to orfrom the communication control apparatus, in accordance with the flowinformation, and sends the flow by radio in the sector in accordancewith the flow information; while the wireless base station is sendingthe flow in the first sector, when a second flow delivery request havingthe same flow ID is received from the same wireless apparatus in asecond sector of the wireless base station, the wireless base stationreferences the area information management table, reads the areaidentification number specified for each interlace number for the secondsector, and sends a second request message to the communication controlapparatus; the communication control apparatus references the flowmanagement table, reads the area identification number, the interlacenumber, the transmission time, and the transmission data rate,associated with to the corresponding flow ID, and returns a secondresponse message containing the same flow information as the firstresponse message to the second sector of the wireless base station; whenthe wireless base station receives the second response message from thecommunication control apparatus, the wireless base station stores thesame flow information as in the first response message in the flowinformation management table for the second sector, establishes a pathto pass the flow to or from the communication control apparatus inaccordance with the flow information, and sends the flow by radio in thesecond sector in accordance with the flow information such that the samecontent is sent at the first sector of the wireless base station and thesecond sector of the wireless base station substantially at the sametiming; and the wireless apparatus receives and combines the flow at thefirst sector of the wireless base station and the flow at the secondsector of the wireless base station.
 11. An area management systemaccording to claim 10, wherein, if free wireless resources of thecorresponding area identification number of the resource managementtable managed by the communication control apparatus are not sufficient,the response message reports that the free resources are insufficientand the assignment is impossible.
 12. An area management systemaccording to claim 10, further comprising: a content server connected tothe communication control apparatus through a network, for sending acontent flow, wherein the communication control apparatus determines theflow resource information provisionally assigned in the flow managementtable and sends a flow delivery request to the content server; and thecontent server starts content delivery when the content server receivesthe flow delivery request from the communication control apparatus. 13.An area management system according to claim 10, wherein each of theplurality of wireless base stations has one or more sectors; a singlesector has a plurality of interlace numbers; and each of the pluralityof wireless base stations belongs to a plurality of areas by managingthe areas by the interlace numbers.
 14. An area management systemaccording to claim 10, wherein the sector resource is divided into aplurality of groups; and each of the plurality of wireless base stationsbelongs to a plurality of areas by managing the areas in each of theplurality of groups.
 15. An area management system according to claim10, wherein the communication control apparatus, which is on a higherlevel than the plurality of wireless base stations, manages resources ineach area to implement soft-combine in a variety of large and smallareas.
 16. An area management system according to claim 10, wherein thewireless apparatus is a maintenance apparatus for performing either orboth of failure monitoring and control; and the maintenance apparatussends a flow delivery request and establishes a path.
 17. An areamanagement system according to claim 10, wherein the wireless apparatusis a wireless terminal.
 18. An area management system according to claim10, wherein the area identification information is a soft handoff group(SHOG).